Robert doran covers both books of maccabees, even including a timeline of the events, since these books are not as familiar to the biblical scholar. You can read a more extensive account of how that took place in the first four chapters of the book of 1 maccabees in the apocrypha. And thou his son, o belshazzar, hast not humbled a0 thine heart, though thou knewest all this but hast lifted a1 up thyself against the lord of heaven. Grow guide week of september 11, 2016 hope unseen rev. This practice, which once was used to gain the patronage and support of the person so addressed, is now only a mark of affection or regard. A history mattathias and his five sons deliver israel from the threat posed to judaism by hellenization 2nd cent bce. The historical background to judaism from the babylonian exile to roman occupation.
In 187 bc, the roman senate passed a decree suppressing popular participation in the dionysian cult in italy on the grounds that private nightly gatherings of the populace. The book of 1 maccabees contains an account of the secondcentury b. And all the heathen assented to the command of the king. In the first two books of maccabees are given parallel accounts of the institution by judas maccabee of a feast of dedication 1 commemorative of the purgation of the temple after its defilement by the abomination of desolation reared by antiochos epiphanes, and its rededication to the worship of the lord. Hanukkah and the abomination of desolation israel bible weekly. It also refers to the inscription of books or other artifacts when these are specifically addressed or presented to a particular person. For historians of the seleukid empire, this episode. Chanukah is less an orphan holiday than shavuos but it still received little attention in ancient rabbinic literature. The books of the maccabees george mason university.
Two letters to the jews in egypt giving direction concerning the. Th e earliest persecution accounts are found in daniel 11. These epistles are generally acknowledged to be late and spurious additions, but they are among the early witnesses to the interest in the celebration of that feast. Though initially hailed as liberators, the selucid family wasted no time in leaving their mark upon judea.
Mckowen following is an introduction and definition of basic terms canon, apocrypha, pseudepigrapha the development of the old testament canon is treated, followed by an appraisal of old testament apocrypha. They adopted the official pagan religion, offered sacri. Moreover he demanded that all without exception were to offer sacrifices to zeus see the jewish histories 1 maccabees 1. We will be talking about events that happened in the second century, which took place in judea located in the syrian empire. Let us go and make a treaty with the heathen introduction. Reading acts some thoughts on the book of acts and. The name maccabee, probably meaning hammer, is actually applied in the books of maccabees to only one man, judas, third son of the priest mattathias and first leader of the revolt against the seleucid kings who persecuted the jews 1 mc 2. The great persecution monday, 33rd week in ordinary time. Reading acts some thoughts on the book of acts and pauline. Study 57 terms christian faith part 6 flashcards quizlet. In them the egyptian diaspora is exhorted to the due observance of the feast.
Understanding the complexity of judaism in jesus time the sources for understanding jewish history and second temple judaism the old testament lxx the apocrypha the old testament pseudepigrapha. December 20, 2014 part two of a two part teaching on the meaning behind this special celebration. Indeed, antiochus seems obsessed by swine, knowing that this animal is particularly repugnant to the jews. The books of the maccabees and the judean rebellion against antiochos iv. Mckowen following is an introduction and definition of basic terms canon. The great persecution monday, 33rd week in ordinary time 1. Outline of the first book of maccabees explore the faith. The jewish guerrillas were still fighting in caves on tishrei 164 bce and could not keep the eightday feast. Antiochians considered this date to be october, 312 b. And many from israel agreed to his kind of worship and offered sacrifice to idols and broke the sabbath. Grow guide rainbow city first united methodist church. Quotation given in full when space permits corresponding quotations from daniel. The feast of dedication, today hanukkah, once also called feast of the maccabees, was a jewish festival observed for eight days from the 25th of kislev usually in december, but occasionally late november, due to the lunisolar calendar. A letter from the hasmoneans to the leaders of the egyptian jewry, circa 125 bce, in the second book of the maccabees, calls the feast of dedication the festival of sukkot in kislev, the month of december.
Hellenism is the promotion of the greek language and culture. Literary structure chiasm, chiasmus of book of maccabees 1. The great persecution monday, 33rd week in ordinary time 1 mc 1. Top literary structures of the bible book of maccabees 1 pericope literary structure chiasm, chiasmus of book of maccabees 1. After alexander the macedonian, philips son, who came from the land of kittim, had defeated darius, king of the persians and medes. The name maccabee, probably meaning hammer, is actually applied in the books of maccabees to only one man, judas, third son of the priest mattathias and first leader of the revolt against the seleucid kings who persecuted the jews. Let him strive to understand this means by reading with utmost attention, diligence, and devotion, weeping as john did, till the sealed book was opened. Syrian calendar, while babylonians and jewish priests accepted april, 311 b. Any books of the law that came to light were torn up and burned. His comments on the wars under reflections in the first section of 1 maccabees speaks to us today as well as to the texts upon which he is speaking. Top american libraries canadian libraries universal library community texts project gutenberg biodiversity heritage library childrens library. These events are described in some detail in the apocryphal books of 1 maccabees 1. King antiochus returning out of egypt, for fear of the romans, made an expedition against the city jerusalem.
Dec 05, 2018 the seleucids defiled the jerusalem temple, robbed its treasures, and erected a statue of zeus in the holy place 1 macc 1. Alexander of macedon son of philip had come from the land of kittim and. The king also practically forbade the practise of judaism, suspending regular sacrifices, destroying copies of the scriptures and forbidding circumcision and the observance of the sabbath. Two letters to the jews in egypt giving direction concerning the celebration of the feasts of booths and hanukkah. Cited with permission which books belong in the bible. Standing firm vayeshev and hanukkah the messianic light. Sep 11, 2016 grow guide week of september 11, 2016.
The books of the law that they found they tore to pieces and burned with fire. Hanukkah and the abomination of desolation israel bible. All the gentiles and even many of the israelites submitted to this decree. Many believe that the book of daniel speaks of this horrific event when it states, on the wing of abominations will come one who makes desolate. This begins with the assassination of onias iii in 170, the sacking of the temple in 169, and the general persecution of jews in the period which follows see also 1 maccabees 1. Moreover king antiochus wrote to his whole kingdom, that all should be one people.
Here are our bitesized pieces of the first book of maccabees. Deliberately set out to compel their jewish subjects to violate their consciences by doing things forbidden in the law 1 macc. Dates are given in this book according to the beginning of the seleucid era. Lacking classical texts the books of maccabees are outside the jewish canon and the talmud discusses the holiday only briefly contemporary rabbis have to be creative in crafting discussion material for the holiday. The rise of the rule and reign of antiochus iv epiphanes or the little horn as daniels says 1 maccabees 1. But then, immediately following the references to these events in daniel 11. The death of alexander the great or male goat as daniel put it 1 maccabees 1. Generally parallels 1 maccabees but presents a theological interpretation of history. Dedication is the act of consecrating an altar, temple, church, or other sacred building. The seleucids defiled the jerusalem temple, robbed its treasures, and erected a statue of zeus in the holy place 1 macc 1. The book of daniel as an encouragement to hope against fear. Usccb bible 1 m accabees, chapter 1 from alexander to antiochus. When he dedicated the temple in jerusalem to zeus, the lord of heaven baal shamen, and began sacrificing swine and making abominable offerings on the temple altar, this was the impetus that began the maccabees revolt 1 maccabees 1.
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